3Mysql 的常用操作

发布时间:2019-08-09 10:20:09编辑:auto阅读(1615)

    root@OBird ~]# mysql -uroot -pzaq12wsx   #入库


    mysql> show databases;  #查库

    ERROR 2006 (HY000): MySQL server has gone away

    No connection. Trying to reconnect...

    Connection id:    24

    Current database: *** NONE ***


    +--------------------+

    | Database           |

    +--------------------+

    | information_schema |

    | discuz             |

    | mysql              |

    | test               |

    +--------------------+

    4 rows in set (0.04 sec)


    mysql> use mysql   #切换库

    No connection. Trying to reconnect...

    Connection id:    25

    Current database: *** NONE ***


    Database changed

    #切换了库以后,我们如怎么确认我们当前是在哪个库下


    mysql> select database();# 查看当前数据库的命令

    ERROR 2006 (HY000): MySQL server has gone away

    No connection. Trying to reconnect...

    Connection id:    28

    Current database: discuz


    +------------+

    | database() |

    +------------+

    | discuz     |

    +------------+

    1 row in set (0.00 sec)

    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

    mysql> select version();# 查看软件的版本

    ERROR 2006 (HY000): MySQL server has gone away

    No connection. Trying to reconnect...

    Connection id:    30

    Current database: discuz


    +------------+

    | version()  |

    +------------+

    | 5.1.73-log |

    +------------+

    1 row in set (0.00 sec)

    ——————————————————————————————————————————————


    库--> 表--> 行 --> 字段


    mysql> show tables; # 查库

    ERROR 2006 (HY000): MySQL server has gone away

    No connection. Trying to reconnect...

    Connection id:    31

    Current database: discuz


    +-----------------------------------+

    | Tables_in_discuz                  |

    +-----------------------------------+

    | pre_common_admincp_cmenu          |

    | pre_common_admincp_group          |

    | pre_common_admincp_member         |#下略,太多

    | pre_common_admincp_perm           |

    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

    查看表的字段

    mysql> desc  pre_ucenter_vars; #查看表的字段

    ERROR 2006 (HY000): MySQL server has gone away

    No connection. Trying to reconnect...

    Connection id:    32

    Current database: discuz


    +-------+-----------+------+-----+---------+-------+

    | Field | Type      | Null | Key | Default | Extra |

    +-------+-----------+------+-----+---------+-------+

    | name  | char(32)  | NO   | PRI |         |       |

    | value | char(255) | NO   |     |         |       |

    +-------+-----------+------+-----+---------+-------+

    2 rows in set (0.02 sec)


    mysql> show create table pre_ucenter_vars\G;  #查询表的创建语句

    *************************** 1. row ***************************

           Table: pre_ucenter_vars

    Create Table: CREATE TABLE `pre_ucenter_vars` (

      `name` char(32) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',

      `value` char(255) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',

      PRIMARY KEY (`name`)

    ) ENGINE=MEMORY DEFAULT CHARSET=gbk

    1 row in set (0.00 sec)


    ERROR: 

    No query specified


    ##############################################################################################

    手动创建一个库


    mysql> create database obird; # 创建库名

    mysql> use obird;             # 进入创建库

    mysql> create table tb1 (`id` int(4), `name` char(40)) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=gbk;

    #创建表名  tb1,表内的字段   int(长度是4位),char(最长40),ENGINE ,字符集=gbk


    mysql> show tables;

    ERROR 2006 (HY000): MySQL server has gone away

    No connection. Trying to reconnect...

    Connection id:    41

    Current database: obird


    +-----------------+

    | Tables_in_obird |

    +-----------------+

    | tb1             |

    +-----------------+

    1 row in set (0.00 sec)

    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

    mysql> desc tb1;

    ERROR 2006 (HY000): MySQL server has gone away

    No connection. Trying to reconnect...

    Connection id:    42

    Current database: obird


    +-------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+

    | Field | Type     | Null | Key | Default | Extra |

    +-------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+

    | id    | int(4)   | YES  |     | NULL    |       |

    | name  | char(40) | YES  |     | NULL    |       |

    +-------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+

    2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

    mysql> show create table tb1\G;

    ERROR 2006 (HY000): MySQL server has gone away

    No connection. Trying to reconnect...

    Connection id:    44

    Current database: obird


    *************************** 1. row ***************************

           Table: tb1

    Create Table: CREATE TABLE `tb1` (

      `id` int(4) DEFAULT NULL,

      `name` char(40) DEFAULT NULL

    ) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=gbk

    1 row in set (0.00 sec)


    ERROR: 

    No query specified

    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

    在表内插入数据

    mysql> insert into tb1 values(1,'aming');

    ERROR 2006 (HY000): MySQL server has gone away

    No connection. Trying to reconnect...

    Connection id:    45

    Current database: obird


    Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)


    mysql> select * from tb1; # 查询

    ERROR 2006 (HY000): MySQL server has gone away

    No connection. Trying to reconnect...

    Connection id:    46

    Current database: obird


    +------+-------+

    | id   | name  |

    +------+-------+

    |    1 | aming |

    +------+-------+

    1 row in set (0.00 sec)


    继续插入

    mysql> insert into tb1 values(2,'linux');

    ERROR 2006 (HY000): MySQL server has gone away

    No connection. Trying to reconnect...

    Connection id:    47

    Current database: obird


    Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)


    mysql> select * from tb1;  #再次查询

    ERROR 2006 (HY000): MySQL server has gone away

    No connection. Trying to reconnect...

    Connection id:    48

    Current database: obird


    +------+-------+

    | id   | name  |

    +------+-------+

    |    1 | aming |

    |    2 | linux |

    +------+-------+

    2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

    只插一个字段

    mysql> insert into tb1 (`id`) values(2);

    ERROR 2006 (HY000): MySQL server has gone away

    No connection. Trying to reconnect...

    Connection id:    49

    Current database: obird


    Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)


    mysql> select * from tb1;

    +------+-------+

    | id   | name  |

    +------+-------+

    |    1 | aming |

    |    2 | linux |

    |    2 | NULL  |# 只插入一个字段ID,name 此处是空的

    +------+-------+

    3 rows in set (0.00 sec)


    mysql> insert into tb1 (`name`) values('test');

    ERROR 2006 (HY000): MySQL server has gone away

    No connection. Trying to reconnect...

    Connection id:    50

    Current database: obird


    Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)


    mysql> select * from tb1;

    +------+-------+

    | id   | name  |

    +------+-------+

    |    1 | aming |

    |    2 | linux |

    |    2 | NULL  |

    | NULL | test  |# 只插入name ,ID 是空

    +------+-------+

    4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

    也可以花式插法,id&name 互换,但是要一一对应

    mysql> insert into tb1 (`name`,`id`) values('77',6);

    ERROR 2006 (HY000): MySQL server has gone away

    No connection. Trying to reconnect...

    Connection id:    51

    Current database: obird


    Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)


    mysql> select * from tb1;

    +------+-------+

    | id   | name  |

    +------+-------+

    |    1 | aming |

    |    2 | linux |

    |    2 | NULL  |

    | NULL | test  |

    |    6 | 77    |

    +------+-------+

    5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

    ##############################################################################################


    更新一条数据


    mysql> update tb1 set id=8 where name = '77'; #name = 77 的只有一行,改成了 “8”

    ERROR 2006 (HY000): MySQL server has gone away

    No connection. Trying to reconnect...

    Connection id:    52

    Current database: obird


    Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

    Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 0


    mysql> select * from tb1;

    +------+-------+

    | id   | name  |

    +------+-------+

    |    1 | aming |

    |    2 | linux |

    |    2 | NULL  |

    | NULL | test  |

    |    8 | 77    |

    +------+-------+

    5 rows in set (0.00 sec)


    删除一行

    mysql> delete from tb1 where name='77';# 删除指定的一行 77

    ERROR 2006 (HY000): MySQL server has gone away

    No connection. Trying to reconnect...

    Connection id:    54

    Current database: obird


    Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)


    mysql> select * from tb1;

    ERROR 2006 (HY000): MySQL server has gone away

    No connection. Trying to reconnect...

    Connection id:    57

    Current database: obird


    +------+-------+

    | id   | name  |

    +------+-------+

    |    1 | aming |

    |    2 | linux |

    |    2 | NULL  |

    | NULL | test  |

    +------+-------+ # 查询不到 77 的行

    4 rows in set (0.00 sec)


    清空一张表


    mysql> truncate table obird.tb1; #清空一张表

    ERROR 2006 (HY000): MySQL server has gone away

    No connection. Trying to reconnect...

    Connection id:    59

    Current database: obird


    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)


    mysql> select * from tb1;  # 表已经空了

    Empty set (0.00 sec)



    干掉整张表

    mysql> drop table tb1;  #语法

    ERROR 2006 (HY000): MySQL server has gone away

    No connection. Trying to reconnect...

    Connection id:    60

    Current database: obird


    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)


    mysql> select * from tb1;

    ERROR 1146 (42S02): Table 'obird.tb1' doesn't exist  #报错表已经不存在


    干掉 obird 这个库

    mysql> show databases; #查询,obird 这个库是存在的

    ERROR 2006 (HY000): MySQL server has gone away

    No connection. Trying to reconnect...

    Connection id:    61

    Current database: obird


    +--------------------+

    | Database           |

    +--------------------+

    | information_schema |

    | discuz             |

    | mysql              |

    | obird              |

    | test               |

    +--------------------+

    5 rows in set (0.00 sec)


    mysql> drop database obird; # 干掉库的语法

    ERROR 2006 (HY000): MySQL server  has gone away

    No connection. Trying to reconnect...

    Connection id:    62

    Current database: obird


    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)


    mysql> show databases;

    +--------------------+

    | Database           |

    +--------------------+

    | information_schema |

    | discuz             |

    | mysql              |

    | test               |#再查询,obird 已经不在了。

    +--------------------+

    4 rows in set (0.00 sec)


    ##############################################################################################


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