学习Python第一天,命令很多跟Lin

发布时间:2019-06-05 21:24:58编辑:auto阅读(1785)

    学习Python第二天,看了一天,有点头疼,准备先休息一会,再继续。有一点C语言和Java基础,学起来不是很费劲。学习热情尚好。

    学习了dir,math模块,import加载模块,有跟Linux相似的地方。

    >>> dir(math)
    ['__doc__', '__loader__', '__name__', '__package__', '__spec__', 'acos', 'acosh', 'asin', 'asinh', 'atan', 'atan2', 'atanh', 'ceil', 'copysign', 'cos', 'cosh', 'degrees', 'e', 'erf', 'erfc', 'exp', 'expm1', 'fabs', 'factorial', 'floor', 'fmod', 'frexp', 'fsum', 'gamma', 'gcd', 'hypot', 'inf', 'isclose', 'isfinite', 'isinf', 'isnan', 'ldexp', 'lgamma', 'log', 'log10', 'log1p', 'log2', 'modf', 'nan', 'pi', 'pow', 'radians', 'remainder', 'sin', 'sinh', 'sqrt', 'tan', 'tanh', 'tau', 'trunc']
    >>> help(math.pow)
    Help on built-in function pow in module math:

    pow(x, y, /)
    Return x**y (x to the power of y).

    模块的加载方式:

    >>> from __future__ import division
    >>> 5/2
    2.5
    >>> import math
    >>> help(math)
    Help on built-in module math:

    NAME
    math

     Python 3 中字符串的连接,3舍弃了``,反向单引号,因为辨识度差。print后面需要加括号().

    >>> a=("free")
    >>> b=1988
    >>> print a+'b'
    SyntaxError: Missing parentheses in call to 'print'. Did you mean print(a+'b')?
    >>> print a
    SyntaxError: Missing parentheses in call to 'print'. Did you mean print(a)?
    >>> print (a+b)
    Traceback (most recent call last):
    File "<pyshell#62>", line 1, in <module>
    print (a+b)
    TypeError: can only concatenate str (not "int") to str
    >>> print (a+'b')
    freeb
    >>> print (a+`b`)
    SyntaxError: invalid syntax
    >>> print (a+str'b')
    SyntaxError: invalid syntax
    >>> print (a+str(b))
    free1988
    >>>

     转义符

    "\"

    赋值时,“r"表示为原始字符串。字符串里面的内容没有含义

    >>> d="c:\news"
    >>> print (d)
    c:
    ews
    >>> d=r"c:\news"
    >>> print(d)
    c:\news
    >>> e="c:\\news"
    >>> print e
    SyntaxError: Missing parentheses in call to 'print'. Did you mean print(e)?
    >>> print (e)
    c:\news
    >>>

     

    input函数,input()

    >>> input("input your name:")
    input your name:python
    'python'
    >>>

    input结合print的小程序

     

    print("Hello,World!")
    name=input("What's your name?")
    age=input("How old are you?")
    print("Your name is " + name)
    print("And you are "+age+" years old.")
    ten=int(age)+10
    print("After ten years,you will be "+ str(ten) +" years old. ")

    运行结果。

     

    D:\WPy64-3720\ZZ>python 0515-2.py
    Hello,World!
    What's your name?Zoe
    How old are you?31
    Your name is Zoe
    And you are 31 years old.
    After ten years,you will be 41 years old.

     

    索引和切片

    >>> lang=("study")
    >>>
    >>> lang[0]
    's'
    >>> lang.index("d")
    3
    >>> a=lang[2:4]
    >>> a
    'ud'
    >>> b=[2:]
    SyntaxError: invalid syntax
    >>> b=lang[2:]
    >>> b
    'udy'
    >>>

    序列的切片,一定要左边的数字小于右边的数字,lang[-1:-3]就没有遵守这个规则,返回的是一个空。

    (前包括,后不包括)

    如果第二个数字大于字符串的长度,得到的返回结果就自动到最大长度位置终止。

     

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